Project title
Investigation into the chemical composition of effluent from wine cellars and distilleries for the evaluation of artificial wetlands as a secondary treatment for purification
Project leader
Mulidzi, A R
Institution
ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij
Project description
The disposal of winery and distillery effluent in streams, rivers and on soils may have various environmental risks and is therefore controlled by legislation, but international markets also require responsible management of this effluent to limit potential environmental impacts to the minimum. If the environment is harmed as result of these practices, it might result in major financial losses. Scientific information concerning disposal of winery and distillery waste is very limited in South Africa and it is therefore essential to determine what treatment systems are the most effective. The objective of this project is to evaluate constructed wetlands as secondary treatment for disposal as a cost-effective solution to comply with national and international requirements.
Results indicate that winery and distillery effluent do not meet the minimum requirements set by legislation if disposed into natural water resources or on land. It does, however, fall within the limits required for treatment in constructed wetlands.
After attending the Seventh Conference on wetland systems for water pollution control in Florida, USA, it was clear that South Africa is far behind in this field of study. It is therefore essential to visit specialist researchers (H Shepherd and D Muller). It is also recommended that future conferences on wetland systems for water pollution control should be attended. The use of soil-based wetlands should also be investigated as these type of wetlands may have more financial and management benefits. It is also recommended that the Third Specialised Congress on Winery Effluent in 2001 in Spain should be attended to make contact with researchers in this field, but also to negotiate to host this conference in South Africa in 2005. Furthermore, it is recommended that the trial should be conducted as set out in the report.
Presentation(s)
1. Van Schoor, L H. 2000. The use of artificial wetlands in the purification of winery wastewater. Winetech Feedback Session, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, 30 August, Stellenbosch.
2. Van Schoor, L H. 2001. Constructed wetlands for winery wastewater purification. DWAF Seminar, 6 December, Plaisir de Merle, Stellenbosch.
3. Van Schoor, L H. 2001. Constructed wetlands for winery wastewater purification. International Workshop on Winery and Distillery Wastewater, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, 22 April, Stellenbosch.
4. Van Schoor, L H. 2001. Constructed wetlands for winery wastewater purification. International Workshop on Winery and Distillery Wastewater, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, 23 April, Stellenbosch.
5. Mulidzi, A R. 2002. The use of artificial wetlands in the purification of winery wastewater. Winetech Workshop, 13 November, Somerset West.
6. Mulidzi, A R. 2006. The environmental impact of winery wastewater (Effluent) on soil. IV International Specialised Conference on Sustainable Viticulture: Winery Wastes and Ecologic Impact Management. 5-8 November. Vina del Mar, Chile.
7. Mulidzi, A R. 2006. Winery wastewater treatment by constructed wetlands and the use of treated wastewater for cash crop production. IV International Specialised Conference on Sustainable Viticulture: Winery Wastes and Ecologic Impact Management. 5-8 November. Vina del Mar, Chile.
8. Mulidzi, A R. 2006. Voorafbehandeling en kunsmatigevleilande. 23 November. Seminaar vir die verantwoordelike bestuur van kelderafvalwater. Wine Training South Africa with Environscientific. Paarl.
9. Mulidzi, A R. 2006. Winery wastewater treatment by constructed wetlands and the use of treated wastewater for cash crop production. 27 September. ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij Media day, Stellenbosch.
Final report
http://www.sawislibrary.co.za/dbtextimages/FinalReport140.pdf
Nel, H A, Moes, C J, Dicks, L M T. 2001. Sluggish or stuck malolactic fermentation in Chardonnay: possible causes. WineLand. Mnth Jul p. 113-115
Article
Van Schoor, L H. 2001. Voorgestelde IPW kriteria vir die bestuur van afvalwater, vaste afval, geraas- en lugbesoedeling. WineLand. Mnth May p. 97-99
Van Schoor, L H. 2001. A formula for the prioritising of negative environmental impacts. WineLand. Mnth May p. 100-102
Mulidzi, A R, Laker, G, Van Schoor, L H, Louw, P J E. 2002. Fate of organic components of winery effluents in soils. WineLand. Mnth May p. 82-83
Nel, H A, Bauer, F F, Wolfaardt, G M, Dicks, L M T. 2002. Effect of bacteriocins pediocin PD-1, plantaricin 423, and nisin on biofilms of Oenococcus oeni on a stainless steel surface. American Journal of Enology + Viticulture. v. 53 n. 3 p. 191-196
Van Schoor, L H. 2002. Die gebruik van kunsmatige vleilande in die suiwering van kelderafvalwater. WineLand. Mnth Mar p. 85-87
Mulidzi, A R. 2005. Monitoring performance of constructed wetlands in California. WineLand. Mnth May p. 85-87
Mulidzi, A R. 2006. The environmental impact of winery wastewater (effluent) on soil. IN: IV International Specialized Conference on Sustainable Viticulture: Winery Wastes and Ecological Impact Management. p. 19-22
Chapter
Mulidzi, A R. 2006. Winery wastewater treatment by constructed wetlands and the use of treated wastewater for cash crop production. IN: IV International Specialized Conference on Sustainable Viticulture: Winery Wastes and Ecological Impact Management. p. 271-282
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